ECO’s monitoring programs allow us to detect water quality degradation and increasing concentrations of pollutants on many streams in Henderson County.  The more information we have on the causes of the decreasing water quality the more quickly and efficiently the problem can be remediated.  In response ECO is developing the Stream Water Action Team (SWAT) program to investigate and determine possible sources of pollution in a stream.

Trained SWAT volunteers will be sent to streams in response to monitoring results and citizen reports.  SWAT volunteers will examine how the land use adjacent to the stream may be contributing to high concentrations of sediment, nutrients, fecal coliform and low biomonitoring scores.  They will focus on permit violations, buffer violations and the use of best management practices.  The results from the SWAT investigations will be used to work with willing landowners and regulatory agencies to find financial and technical resources to implement projects that sustain the livelihood of the landowners and improve water quality.

If you are interested in becoming a SWAT volunteer, please contact ECO.

Big Sweep is an international stream cleanup program which is coordinated by ECO, the Environmental and Conservation Organization in Henderson County. During Big Sweep’s 22-year history in North Carolina, almost 270,000 Big Sweep volunteers have retrieved more than 9 million pounds of debris. In 2008, NC ranked third in the country for the number of volunteers (18,330) and collected 264 tons of debris (527,778 pounds). In 2008, Henderson County volunteers cleaned up more than 16,000 pounds of debris in streams, covering 20 miles with over 150 volunteers.

This year’s 2010 Big Sweep needs more volunteers than ever and you can help make a difference in protecting our most precious resource. According to ECO Executive Director, David Weintraub, “the basis of our way of life in WNC is our watersheds. Protecting them by cleaning, monitoring and nurturing them is critical to maintaining the health of our streams. Big Sweep is the first step to being good stewards of our natural resources.” Diamond Brand is offering coupons for 20% off one regular-priced item for volunteers participating in Big Sweep. First Citizens is supplying bags for clean-up. Harris Teeter and Ingle’s are supplying water bottles and granola bars for participants.

Contact ECO for more information and current dates and times.

Long range water quality data is essential to the protection of our water resources. The Volunteer Water Information Network (VWIN) is a cooperative effort among several organizations in Western North Carolina to monitor chemical properties of streams throughout the region. The VWIN program monitors over 200 sites. ECO began monitoring 18 sites in 1992 and have since expanded to 28 sites in Henderson County.

Volunteers collect water samples from each site monthly. The samples are sent to an independent lab to be evaluated for eleven chemical parameters: pH, conductivity, alkalinity, turbidity, total suspended solids, copper, zinc, lead, orthophosphate, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. This provides a valuable database of water quality information to monitor trends and the effects of changing land use on our waterways. VWIN data is analyzed to create an annual report on the water quality for Henderson County. The VWIN program has created an objective dataset covering nearly two decades, allowing ECO to identify streams facing degradation and obtain financial and political resources to protect streams in Henderson County.

Through the VWIN program ECO has identified waterways of pristine quality and detected highly degraded streams in Henderson County.

VWIN Success Stories

• ECO’s VWIN data showed the Mills River watershed to be degraded due to high inputs of sediment and nutrients. This led to the establishment of the Mills River Partnership in 1998. The Mills River partnership created a strategic plan for working with landowners to install projects reducing nonpoint source pollution. Thee plan was successful resulting in the restoration of a prime drinking water source in Western North Carolina, trout fishery and recreational area.
• ECO’s VWIN data contributed to the identification of water quality degradation throughout the Mud Creek Watershed due to rural and urban stressors. This led to the Mud Creek Restoration Project. The project is currently active, focusing on stream restoration, urban stormwater management, agricultural best management practices and education.
• The backlog of ECO’s VWIN data demonstrated sediment to be a primary and consistent water quality impairment in Henderson County. This provided strong justification for the approval of an Erosion and Sediment Ordinance in Henderson County.

To learn more about ECO’s monitoring results, please look at our interactive map, comprehensive VWIN data or Annual VWIN reports for Henderson County

Click here to view the Water Quality Interactive Map

Comprehensive VWIN Data coming soon

VWIN Annual Reports:

• 2007
• 2006
• 2005

If you are interested in becoming a VWIN volunteer, please contact ECO.

Biological stream monitoring provides an integrated view of overall water quality in a stream over a period of time.  ECO’s biomonitoring program uses aquatic macroinvertebrates, which includes insects, snails and worms.  The aquatic macroinvertebrate community is a good indicator of stream water quality because the makeup of the community is dependent on and sensitive to chemical and physical changes in the stream channel.

ECO volunteers currently monitor 26 sites in Henderson County twice a year (April and October).  Many of the sites overlap with VWIN sites to provide an additional layer of data for water quality analysis. ECO uses the Stream Monitoring Information Exchange (SMIE) method.  SMIE is a collaborative program of several organizations in Western North Carolina to train volunteers to perform biological monitoring.  The SMIE sampling method is specifically designed to closely mimic the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ) collection techniques to facilitate more precise comparisons between SMIE and DWQ data than is possible with more basic volunteer biological monitoring methods.

Biological monitoring data is now being incorporated into the annual VWIN reports for Henderson County.  The data is also shared directly with DWQ’s Biological Assessment Unit to help identify problem streams, or to identify “outstanding resource waters” for additional protections.

To learn more about ECO’s monitoring results, please look at our interactive map, comprehensive biomonitoring data or Annual VWIN reports for Henderson County

• Water Quality Interactive Map
• Comprehensive Biomonitoring Data (coming soon)

VWIN Annual Reports Including Biomonitoring Data:

• 2005
• 2006
• 2007

If you are interested in becoming a biomonitoring volunteer, please contact ECO.

What is Adopt-A-Stream?

After many years as a successful stream cleanup program, similar to Adopt-A-Highway, Adopt-A-Stream underwent a major enhancement in 2008.  The focus of the program has been broadened and shifted toward water quality and stream health, with the adopters serving as true stream stewards of their adopted waterway.

As the eyes and ears of their streams, the volunteers conduct regular stream surveys of the waters, stream banks and adjacent riparian environment.  Cleanup is done as needed, and any significant problems, or violations of applicable ordinances are reported, either to ECO’s action teams or county authorities for follow-up.  In appropriate cases, with professional guidance, remedial action may be initiated.

It is a fundamental tenet of the program that the better trained and educated the volunteers, the better job they can do and the more they will appreciate the valuable role they play in this important program.  To this end, education and training are offered, and participation in other ECO water quality programs is encouraged.  We work closely with the Cooperative Extension Service through the Mud Creek Restoration Project and with the County Soil and Water Conservation District.

Why Adopt A Stream?

We are fortunate to have abundant quality resources in the mountains – wetlands, streams, rivers and man-made ponds and lakes.  ECO believes, along with most of our citizens, that positive steps must be taken to protect these resources.  Bodies of clean water are a critical part of our environment and a precious resource for which we are responsible. Healthy streams in our community is a realistic goal; this encompasses control of toxic substances, reduction of pollution and erosion, and involvement of the public and governments in water protection through workable, low-cost and scientifically sound activities.

Locals and visitors alike enjoy fishing, canoeing, and kayaking in our streams, they are used by agriculture and industry, as sources of drinking water and, when cared for, will benefit our economy and provide the environmental balance necessary to a healthy ecosystem.

How Can You Help?

We have a broad spectrum of participating groups, and welcome new volunteers; individuals, neighborhood groups, church groups, small businesses and industries, civic groups, school and scout groups are all welcome to join.  To learn more, contact ECO at 828-692-0385, or through this web site.  A water-quality volunteer will contact you to answer questions and work with you and your volunteers to get you started.

The Hendersonville drinking water facility is planning on moving its facility from the Mills River to the French Broad River within the next five years.  The drought during 2007 and 2008 led to a water crisis in Hendersonville, resulting in plans to connect a water intake pipe to the French Broad River prior to moving the facility.  The plans to use the French Broad River as a source of drinking water have raised concerns about the quality of its water, particularly bacterial levels.  The French Broad River watershed is large and susceptible to several sources of fecal contamination including, livestock operations, leaky septic tanks, effluent from wastewater treatment plants and pet waste carried in storm runoff.

ECO began a bacterial monitoring program in the summer of 2009, focusing on monitoring surface water from the French Broad River and the effluent from wastewater treatment plants.  This program is still under development and the current focus is on gathering baseline data. Monthly water samples are collected from 5 sites in the French Broad River from the point where the river enters Henderson County to the confluence with the Mills River.  Four wastewater treatment plant effluent pipes are also being monitored.  All samples are processed at the ECO office with Coliscan^® Easygel^®, using Escherichia coli as an indicator of fecal contamination.

ECO’s Water Quality Committee strives to protect Henderson County’s six pristine watersheds through monitoring and testing over thirty streams.  The Water Quality Committee educates the public on how they can become better stewards of their streams.  Additionally they test stream health with biomonitoring, chemical monitoring, bacterial monitoring, adopt-a-stream programs, sedimentation control as well as —Big Sweep, the state’s largest watershed cleanup initiative.  The newest innovation, SWAT team (Stream Water Action Teams) follows up on waterways that have been flagged as problematic.  People interested in water conservation, stream monitoring, and keeping the waters of Western North Carolina clean would enjoy being a part of this very active committee.  The results of this work will be found in stronger policies that protect aquatic life, water supply and restrict activities that have a deleterious effect on our waterways.

Join us!
The Water Quality Committee meets the second Wednesday of each month at 4:30pm at the ECO office conference room.